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Review Article

Recent advances in DNA-free editing and precise base editing in plants

Yi Zhang, Caixia Gao
Emerging Topics in Life Sciences Nov 10, 2017, 1 (2) 161-168; DOI: 10.1042/ETLS20170021
Yi Zhang
Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
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Caixia Gao
State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, and Center for Genome Editing, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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  • For correspondence: cxgao@genetics.ac.cn
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Abstract

Genome-editing technologies based on the CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat) system have been widely used in plants to investigate gene function and improve crop traits. The recently developed DNA-free delivery methods and precise base-editing systems provide new opportunities for plant genome engineering. In this review, we describe the novel DNA-free genome-editing methods in plants. These methods reduce off-target effects and may alleviate regulatory concern about genetically modified plants. We also review applications of base-editing systems, which are highly effective in generating point mutations and are of great value for introducing agronomically valuable traits. Future perspectives for DNA-free editing and base editing are also discussed.

  • base editing
  • CRISPR system
  • DNA-free
  • Abbreviations

    AID,
    activation-induced cytidine deaminase;
    CRISPR,
    clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat;
    dCas9,
    dead Cas9;
    DSBs,
    double-strand breaks;
    EPSPS,
    5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase gene;
    HR,
    homologous recombination;
    nCas9,
    Cas9 nickase;
    NHEJ,
    non-homologous end joining;
    PAM,
    protospacer adjacent motif;
    PEG,
    polyethylene glycol;
    RNP,
    ribonucleoprotein;
    UGI,
    uracil DNA glycosylase inhibitor
    • Received July 10, 2017.
    • Revision received September 13, 2017.
    • Accepted September 19, 2017.
    • © 2017 The Author(s). Published by Portland Press Limited on behalf of the Biochemical Society and the Royal Society of Biology
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    Recent advances in DNA-free editing and precise base editing in plants
    Yi Zhang, Caixia Gao
    Emerging Topics in Life Sciences Nov 2017, 1 (2) 161-168; DOI: 10.1042/ETLS20170021
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    Recent advances in DNA-free editing and precise base editing in plants
    Yi Zhang, Caixia Gao
    Emerging Topics in Life Sciences Nov 2017, 1 (2) 161-168; DOI: 10.1042/ETLS20170021

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    Keywords

    base editing
    CRISPR system
    DNA-free

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